On September 9, 1922, the Third Dáil Éireann assembled, marking a critical moment during the Irish Civil War. W.T. Cosgrave was elected as its president, leading the provisional government of the newly established Irish Free State. Concurrently, anti-Treaty forces held a major conference to strategize their resistance against the Free State government, deciding to intensify guerrilla warfare tactics. This period saw a deepening of the conflict between pro- and anti-Treaty factions, with anti-Treaty deputies adopting a policy of abstentionism from the Dáil, further highlighting the profound divisions within Irish society.
