On December 20, 1645, the second Glamorgan Treaty was signed in Kilkenny between the Confederation of Kilkenny and the Earl of Glamorgan. This secret agreement aimed to secure military support from Irish Catholics for King Charles I during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. The treaty offered significant concessions to Irish Catholics, including exemption from Protestant clerical jurisdiction and recognition of their control over churches seized since the 1641 Rising. However, the treaty ultimately failed due to its exposure and the King's subsequent disavowal, further complicating the political landscape of Ireland.
