[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":4},["ShallowReactive",2],{"event-plain-first-executions-of-the-irish-civil-war":3},"On November 17, 1922, the first judicial executions of the Irish Civil War took place at Kilmainham Gaol in Dublin. Four anti-Treaty IRA members, John Gaffney, James Fisher, Peter Cassidy, and Richard Twohig, were executed by firing squad for possession of revolvers. These executions were carried out under the Public Safety Bill, enacted by the Provisional Government to suppress anti-Treaty forces. This marked a brutal escalation in the conflict, with 81 men eventually facing execution before the war's end. The event highlighted the harsh measures taken to establish the authority of the new Irish Free State.",1789333839929]